Pharma BD Deal Intelligence

Merck & Co. Inc. / Moderna Inc. (mRNA-4157/V940 option exercise)

2022 · Co-Development · $250M · Complete

Merck's $250M option-exercise on mRNA-4157/V940 looked prescient: weeks later KEYNOTE-942 showed the Moderna combo with KEYTRUDA cut recurrence or death risk 44% in resected high-risk melanoma, validating the 50/50 bet before data even dropped.

Outcome grade pending — assessed 5 years post-close.

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The coverage arc

Oct 12, 2022 BioPharma Dive Bullish

Merck has exercised its option to co-develop and co-commercialize Moderna's individualized neoantigen cancer vaccine mRNA-4157/V940, paying $250 million for a…

Nov 03, 2022 Moderna Q3 2022 10-Q SEC Filing Neutral

During the third quarter of 2022, Merck exercised its option pursuant to the existing collaboration and license agreement for mRNA-4157, our investigational…

Jun 01, 2026 Merck/Moderna Press Release (5-year data at 2026 ASCO) Bullish

Five-year KEYNOTE-942 data for intismeran autogene plus KEYTRUDA presented at the 2026 ASCO Annual Meeting, confirming durable recurrence-free and…

Source summaries from our enrichment pipeline; follow links for originals.

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Merck exercised its option (under the 2016 Merck/Moderna collaboration) to jointly develop and commercialize Moderna's individualized neoantigen therapy mRNA-4157/V940 (now INN: intismeran autogene), paying Moderna a $250M option-exercise payment. Following the exercise the companies share future development costs and profits 50/50 worldwide; the $250M payment was confirmed in Moderna's Q3 2022 10-Q, so the option exercise is complete. The decision came weeks before the Phase 2b KEYNOTE-942 readout, which in December 2022 met its primary endpoint of recurrence-free survival in combination with KEYTRUDA in resected high-risk stage III/IV melanoma. The program subsequently advanced to pivotal Phase 3 (INTerpath-001 in adjuvant melanoma, NCT05933577, now fully enrolled; INTerpath NSCLC studies enrolling), with eight Phase 2/3 trials underway across melanoma, NSCLC, bladder cancer and renal cell carcinoma. Five-year KEYNOTE-942 data (announced Jan 20 2026 and presented at the 2026 ASCO Annual Meeting) showed sustained RFS benefit (HR 0.510; 49% reduction in risk of recurrence or death) versus KEYTRUDA alone.

Key facts

Disease & market context

Adjuvant High-Risk Melanoma

98K US cases/yr · $8.0B Global melanoma therapeutics market (2022) · ~7,990 U.S. annual melanoma deaths

Disease Overview

Cutaneous melanoma is the fifth most common cancer in the U.S. with approximately 97,600 new invasive cases and 7,990 deaths projected annually. Stage III resected melanoma carries a 5-year overall survival of 40-78% depending on substage, with stage IIIC/D representing the highest-risk adjuvant population. Adjuvant standard of care is anti-PD-1 monotherapy (Keytruda or Opdivo), which improves recurrence-free survival but leaves substantial residual recurrence risk. Approximately 30-50% of resected stage III patients still recur within 5 years on adjuvant pembrolizumab, defining the unmet need that personalized cancer vaccines target. mRNA-4157/V940 is an individualized neoantigen therapy: tumor and normal tissue are sequenced, up to 34 patient-specific neoantigens are encoded into an mRNA vaccine, and the construct is administered with pembrolizumab. The KEYNOTE-942 Phase 2b randomized trial in resected stage IIIB-IV melanoma met its primary endpoint of recurrence-free survival, reducing the risk of recurrence or death by 44% (HR 0.56, p=0.0266) versus pembrolizumab alone, the first positive randomized adjuvant individualized cancer vaccine readout in oncology.

Competitive Landscape

Adjuvant high-risk melanoma is dominated by anti-PD-1 monotherapy across multiple stage groupings. Keytruda (pembrolizumab, Merck) is FDA-approved adjuvant in stage IIB/IIC/III based on KEYNOTE-054 and KEYNOTE-716 readouts. Opdivo (nivolumab, Bristol Myers Squibb) carries adjuvant labels in resected stage III/IV based on CheckMate-238. Targeted-therapy adjuvant for BRAF V600-mutant disease combines Tafinlar+Mekinist (dabrafenib + trametinib, Novartis) per COMBI-AD. Adjuvant intensification is the active battleground, with personalized neoantigen vaccines as the leading entrant. mRNA-4157/V940 (Merck/Moderna individualized mRNA) is the most advanced and currently in the Phase 3 INTERIM-V940-001 program covering melanoma and adjuvant NSCLC. Competitor cancer vaccine assets include autogene cevumeran (BNT122, BioNTech/Genentech) in pancreatic cancer Phase 2, NEO-PV-01 (Genocea/BioNTech, discontinued program), and personalized peptide vaccines from Immatics, Gritstone Bio, and Nouscom. Combination immunotherapy backbones include Yervoy (ipilimumab, BMS) plus or minus Opdivo for resected stage III, and Opdualag (nivolumab + relatlimab anti-LAG-3, BMS) extending to adjuvant trials. The Merck-Moderna option exercise locks in 50/50 economics for what would be the first individualized adjuvant cancer vaccine to deliver positive randomized data.

Deal timeline

Related deals — scored

DealYearValueOutcome
Merck & Co. Inc. / Moderna Inc. (mRNA-4157/V940 option exercise) (this deal)2022$250M
Merck & Co. Inc. / Acceleron Pharma Inc.2021$11.5B90
Merck & Co. Inc. / Peloton Therapeutics Inc.2019$2.2B88
Merck & Co. Inc. / AstraZeneca PLC2017$8.5B87
Merck & Co. Inc. / Moderna, Inc.2022$250M86
Merck & Co. Inc. / Moderna, Inc.2016$250M84
Merck & Co. Inc. / Eisai Co., Ltd.2018$5.8B83

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