Pharma BD Deal Intelligence

GSK plc / Spero Therapeutics, Inc.

2022 · Licensing/Option · $600M · Complete

A resurrection deal: GSK's $66M-upfront, up to $591M license rescued tebipenem HBr after an FDA refuse-to-file, and the gamble paid off when the confirmatory PIVOT-PO Phase 3 stopped early for efficacy in May 2025 — though it took nearly three years to get there.

Outcome grade pending — assessed 5 years post-close.

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The coverage arc

Sep 21, 2022 Endpoints News Neutral

GSK has agreed to pay Spero Therapeutics $66 million upfront and up to $525 million in milestones for an exclusive license to tebipenem HBr, a Phase…

Sep 21, 2022 STAT News Neutral

GSK on Wednesday struck a licensing deal worth up to $591 million for tebipenem HBr, an oral antibiotic developed by Spero Therapeutics that could fill a…

Dec 19, 2025 StockTitan Bullish

GSK resubmitted the tebipenem HBr NDA to the FDA on Dec 19, 2025, triggering a $25 million milestone payment to Spero Therapeutics (expected Q1 2026). GSK…

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GSK signed an exclusive global license (ex-certain Asian territories, where Meiji retains rights) with Spero Therapeutics for tebipenem HBr, a late-stage oral carbapenem antibiotic for complicated urinary tract infections (cUTI) including acute pyelonephritis. GSK paid $66M upfront plus a $9M equity investment, with up to $525M in development and commercial milestones plus tiered royalties (headline value up to ~$591M). The deal, announced Sep 21, 2022 and closed Nov 7, 2022, revived a program that nearly collapsed after the FDA refused to file Spero's original NDA in 2021 and required a confirmatory Phase 3. That risk has since largely resolved: the confirmatory PIVOT-PO Phase 3 was stopped early for efficacy in May 2025 after an IDMC interim (n=1,690), and full data at IDWeek 2025 showed tebipenem non-inferior to IV imipenem-cilastatin (58.5% vs 60.2% overall success; adjusted difference -1.3%). GSK resubmitted the NDA on Dec 19, 2025 — triggering a $25M milestone to Spero (received Q1 2026) — and the FDA set a PDUFA target action date of Jun 18, 2026. If approved, tebipenem HBr would be the first oral carbapenem antibiotic in the US.

Key facts

Disease & market context

Complicated Urinary Tract Infections (cUTI) including Acute Pyelonephritis

2 US cases/yr · $2.3B Global UTI antibiotics market (2022 base) · ~30-40% U.S. E. coli cUTI isolates with ESBL or fluoroquinolone resistance

Disease Overview

Complicated urinary tract infection (cUTI) is a UTI complicated by structural or functional abnormality of the urinary tract or by host factors that predispose to persistent infection, treatment failure, or relapse - including indwelling catheters, obstruction, pregnancy, immunocompromise, kidney transplant, and acute pyelonephritis. The U.S. cUTI burden is approximately 2.8-3.0 million episodes per year with about 626,000 hospital admissions annually, and rising prevalence of multidrug-resistant gram-negative pathogens (ESBL-producing E. coli, fluoroquinolone-resistant uropathogens) is forcing reliance on intravenous carbapenems administered in inpatient or outpatient infusion settings. The unmet need driving the tebipenem opportunity is the absence of an oral carbapenem option in the United States: ESBL E. coli cUTI is the largest single resistance bucket where current oral options (fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins, fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin) have unacceptable failure rates, leaving IV ertapenem as the de facto standard and pushing roughly 40-50% of patients into hospital-based therapy that an oral pro-drug carbapenem could shift to home administration.

Competitive Landscape

The cUTI competitive landscape is dense in IV but starved of oral options. Approved IV carbapenems include ertapenem (Invanz, Merck/MSD generics), meropenem (Merrem, AstraZeneca/generics), imipenem-cilastatin (Primaxin, Merck), and meropenem-vaborbactam (Vabomere, Melinta). Newer beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations driving the cUTI/cIAI franchise include ceftolozane-tazobactam (Zerbaxa, Merck), ceftazidime-avibactam (Avycaz, AbbVie), cefiderocol (Fetroja, Shionogi), imipenem-relebactam (Recarbrio, Merck), and plazomicin (Zemdri, Achaogen/Cipla). On the oral side the landscape is much sparser - sulopenem (Iterum) was rejected by FDA in 2021 in uncomplicated UTI, fluoroquinolones face FDA black-box warnings limiting use, and fosfomycin is single-dose only. Tebipenem HBr would be the first FDA-approved oral carbapenem in the U.S. if the pivotal ADAPT-PO Phase 3 (which had hit non-inferiority vs IV ertapenem) yields a path forward; however the FDA had issued a Refusal to File / requested additional Phase 3 data ahead of the GSK transaction, creating the regulatory rationale for GSK absorbing development risk in exchange for the larger commercial prize.

Deal timeline

Related deals — scored

DealYearValueOutcome
GSK plc / Spero Therapeutics, Inc. (this deal)2022$600M
GSK plc / SmithKline Beecham2000$12.0B79
GSK plc / Pfizer Inc.2018$0.0M77
GSK plc / Novartis AG2014$16.0B76
GSK plc / Hansoh Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd.2023$1.7B74
GSK plc / Nuvalent, Inc.2026$10.6B70
GSK plc / Sierra Oncology Inc.2022$1.9B70

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